How Can Tortricid Fruit Injury Still be a Thing? Recent Studies Developing Improved Monitoring Tools for Tortricid Pests
Citation
Knight, A., Preti, M., Giacomuzzi, G., Cichón, L., Basoalto, E., Barros-Parada, W., Mujica, V., Fuentes-Contreras, E., Tasin, M., Jósvai, J., Krawczyk, G., Walgenbach, J., Hansen, R., and Judd, G.J.R. (2018). "How Can Tortricid Fruit Injury Still be a Thing? Recent Studies Developing Improved Monitoring Tools for Tortricid Pests.", 92nd Annual Western Orchard Pest and Disease Management Conference, Hilton Portland, Portland, OR, USA, January 10-12, 2018, pp. 16. (Abstract)
Résumé en langage clair
Effective, low-cost monitoring of key tortricid pests has been the backbone in the development
of integrated management programs in deciduous tree fruits. With the adoption of sex pheromones for mating disruption (MD) the importance of monitoring has only increased. Despite nearly 45 years of success in utilizing just sex pheromones for monitoring, further improvement is possible for all of these species. Two major factors currently limit pest managers’ monitoring of tortricid pests. First, in orchards treated with MD the use of lures with the same modality can be problematic for most tortricids. Second, tracking female moths through the season can provide a better indication of pest pressure and timing than available with the collections of only male moths, and can minimize the difficulty in assessing
differential immigration of the two sexes into orchards. Probably no one here disagrees with these ideas; yet at present, monitoring of female tortricids in orchards is fairly uncommon. We feel that pest managers are likely stretched too thin and continue to believe they can be effective utilizing their current sex pheromone lure programs. As always, if the pest density is very low it is more than likely that current programs can avoid unexpected disasters. However, the economic driver in tree fruits around the world is to make money and develop sustainable, organic or conventional programs that have minimal worker health, consumer safety, and environmental degradation issues. Every year, including 2017, managers experience fruit losses from tortricids that were not expected or remain unexplained. We feel that the wise adage from George Santayana that those “who ignore history are doomed to repeat it” is pertinent to the management of tortricid pests. Thus, our work remains focused to provide new tools for managers to easily gather reliable and time-dependent data to manage tortricid pests. In that vein, our talk today will summarize recent collaborative results in the development of bisexual lures for codling moth, oriental fruit moth, and a large suite of leafrollers across much of the globe.
Résumé
Effective, low-cost monitoring of key tortricid pests has been the backbone in the development
of integrated management programs in deciduous tree fruits. With the adoption of sex pheromones for mating disruption (MD) the importance of monitoring has only increased. Despite nearly 45 years of success in utilizing just sex pheromones for monitoring, further improvement is possible for all of these species. Two major factors currently limit pest managers’ monitoring of tortricid pests. First, in orchards treated with MD the use of lures with the same modality can be problematic for most tortricids. Second, tracking female moths through the season can provide a better indication of pest pressure and timing than available with the collections of only male moths, and can minimize the difficulty in assessing
differential immigration of the two sexes into orchards. Probably no one here disagrees with these ideas; yet at present, monitoring of female tortricids in orchards is fairly uncommon. We feel that pest managers are likely stretched too thin and continue to believe they can be effective utilizing their current sex pheromone lure programs. As always, if the pest density is very low it is more than likely that current programs can avoid unexpected disasters. However, the economic driver in tree fruits around the world is to make money and develop sustainable, organic or conventional programs that have minimal worker health, consumer safety, and environmental degradation issues. Every year, including 2017, managers experience fruit losses from tortricids that were not expected or remain unexplained. We feel that the wise adage from George Santayana that those “who ignore history are doomed to repeat it” is pertinent to the management of tortricid pests. Thus, our work remains focused to provide new tools for managers to easily gather reliable and time-dependent data to manage tortricid pests. In that vein, our talk today will summarize recent collaborative results in the development of bisexual lures for codling moth, oriental fruit moth, and a large suite of leafrollers across much of the globe.