Improved Ogura CMS System Enables Hybrids with High Yield for Condiment Mustard (Brassica juncea)

Citation

Cheng, BF, Roslinsky, V and Williams, DJ (2015) Hybrid breeding using the improved Ogura cms system in Brassica juncea. 14th International Rapeseed Congress, Saskatoon, Canada, July 5-9, 2015, pp. 198

Résumé en langage clair

Brown and oriental mustard (Brassica juncea L) has been grown as an important condiment crop in Canada. Current brown mustard varieties were developed via pedigree breeding. Hybrid breeding has successfully led to the yield increase in canola B. napus. The same strategy could also be applied to substantially increase the seed yield of condiment mustard B. juncea. Improved Ogura cytoplasm male sterile (cms) restorer line was developed in B. juncea at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada-Saskatoon Research and Development Centre. The first brown mustard hybrid variety AAC Brown 18 (experimental number: B3318) developed using the improved Ogura cms hybrid system was registered in Canada on August 31, 2018. AAC Brown 18 had significantly higher (24%) yield than the check variety Centennial Brown based on the field test results in 206-2017 (17 station years).

Résumé

Mustard (Brassica juncea) is an amphidiploid species originated from the interspecific hybridization between B. rapa and B. nigra. It has been used as vegetables, condiment and oilseeds in many countries. Pedigree selection has been used as a major breeding method for cultivar development since B. juncea is a self-fertilized crop. The quality traits such as protein and oil contents were improved via pedigree breeding but seed yield remains stagnated.

Hybrid breeding has successfully led to the yield increase in canola B. napus. The same strategy could also be applied to substantially increase the seed yield of condiment mustard B. juncea. Improved Ogura cms restorer line with drastically reduced linkage-drag was developed in B. juncea at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada-Saskatoon Research and Development Centre (AAFC-SRDC). The first brown mustard hybrid variety AAC Brown 18 (experimental number: B3318) developed using the improved Ogura cms hybrid system was registered in Canada on August 31, 2018. AAC Brown 18 had significantly higher (24%) yield than the check variety Centennial Brown based on the field test results in 206-2017 (17 station years). Oriental mustard test hybrids with 20%-29% higher yield than the check variety Cutlass were developed and will be further evaluated in Co-op Mustard Test in 2019.

In conclusion, hybrid breeding based on the improved Ogura cms system has successfully led to breaking the yield plateau that had existed for 40 years in brown mustard breeding in Canada.

Date de publication

2019-12-06