Trans10,cis15 18:2 Isolated from Beef Fat Does Not Have the Same Anti-Adipogenic Properties as Trans10,cis12–18:2 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Citation
Vahmani, P., Meadus, W.J., Rolland, D.C., Duff, P., Dugan, M.E.R. (2016). Trans10,cis15 18:2 Isolated from Beef Fat Does Not Have the Same Anti-Adipogenic Properties as Trans10,cis12–18:2 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Lipids, [online] 51(11), 1231-1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4192-3
Plain language summary
During bacterial metabolism of α-linolenic acid in the rumen, t10,c15–18:2 can be formed. The present study was designed to examine whether t10,c15–18:2 would exert similar fat reducing effect compared to conjugated linoleic aicd (specifically t10,c12–18:2) in fat cells. Trans10,cis12–18:2 decreased triglycerides in fat cells, mainly related to a reduction in saturated fatty acids (SFA; e.g., 16:0 and 15:0) and cis monounsaturated fatty acids (c-MUFA; e.g., c9–16:1 and c9–18:1). CLA also decreased expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, desaturation, elongation and fatty acid uptake and upregulated the expression of the rate-liming enzyme in fat oxidation. In contrast, α-linolenic acid and t10,c15–18:2 did not affect the gene expression and cellular content of fatty acids. Our findings suggest that t10,c15–18:2, despite having structural similarity to CLA (presence of a trans-10 double bond), does not have the same fat reducing properties as CLA.
Abstract
During ruminal biohydrogenation of α-linolenic acid, a non-conjugated non-methylene interrupted dienoic acid is formed containing a t10 double bond, namely t10,c15–18:2. The present study was designed to examine whether t10,c15–18:2 would exert similar anti-adipogenic effects compared to t10,c12–18:2 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 35 or 70 µM of LNA, t10,c12–18:2, t10,c15–18:2, or bovine serum albumin (BSA) vehicle control for 120 h. Cellular triacylglycerol and protein were quantified using commercial colorimetric kits. Cells were analyzed for fatty acid composition and gene expression using gas chromatography and quantitative PCR, respectively. Trans10,cis12–18:2 decreased (P < 0.05) the adipocyte triacylglycerol (TAG) content, which was mainly related to a reduction in saturated fatty acids (SFA; e.g., 16:0 and 15:0) and cis monounsaturated fatty acids (c-MUFA; e.g., c9–16:1 and c9–18:1). Trans10,cis12 also decreased (P < 0.05) the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis (ACACA, FASN), delta-9 desaturation (SCD1), fatty acid elongation (ELOVL5), and fatty acid uptake (LPL) and upregulated (P < 0.05) the expression of the rate-liming enzyme involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (CPT1). In contrast, LNA and t10,c15–18:2 did not affect the gene expression and cellular content of the TAG, SFA, c-MUFA, or SCD1 indices in adipocytes. Our findings suggest that t10,c15–18:2, despite having structural similarity to t10,c12–18:2 (presence of a trans-10 double bond), does not exert anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.